WestMidlands| SDC-NOV-2025| SARA TAHIR | Sprint 5 | Feature/Prep

Sprint5/classes.py

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+class Person:
+    def __init__(self, name: str, age: int, preferred_operating_system: str):
+        self.name = name
+        self.age = age
+        self.preferred_operating_system = preferred_operating_system
+imran = Person("Imran", 22, "Ubuntu")
+print(imran.name)
+#print(imran.address)
+
+eliza = Person("Eliza", 34, "Arch Linux")
+print(eliza.name)
+#print(eliza.address)
+
+def is_adult(person: Person) -> bool:
+    return person.age >= 18
+
+print(is_adult(imran))
+

Sprint5/data-class.py

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+from datetime import date
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class Person:
+    name: str
+    birth_day: date
+    preferred_operating_system: str
+
+    def age(self)-> int:   #returns age in years
+        today = date.today()
+        years = today.year - self.birth_day.year
+        if(today.month, today.day) < (self.birth_day.month, self.birth_day.day):
+            years -= 1
+        return years
+
+    def is_adult(self):
+        return self.age() >= 18
+
+
+p1 = Person("Sara", date(1996, 10, 28), "macOS")
+print(p1)  
+
+p2 = Person("Sara", date(1996, 10, 28), "macOS")
+print(p1 == p2)  

Sprint5/double.py

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+def double(n): 
+    return n*2
+num = double("22")
+print(num)
+
+#my prediction is that it would return 2222. As python will treat 22 as a string being a strongly typed language.
+#if it was javascript * operator would have forced numeric converion and 22 string would have become 22 int and 44 would 
+#have been returned
+# when I run the file it returns 2222 as expected.
+
+# 2nd exercise- original function :
+def double(number):
+    return number * 3
+
+print(double(10)) # returns "30"
+
+#so we either change the name of the function to triple or multiply number with 2 rather than 3 
+def triple(number):
+    return number * 3
+
+print(triple(10)) # returns "30"

Sprint5/e-num.py

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+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from enum import Enum
+from typing import List
+import sys
+
+
+class OperatingSystem(Enum):
+    MACOS = "macOS"
+    ARCH = "Arch Linux"
+    UBUNTU = "Ubuntu"
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class Person:
+    name: str
+    age: int
+    preferred_os: OperatingSystem
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class Laptop:
+    id: int
+    manufacturer: str
+    model: str
+    screen_size_in_inches: float
+    operating_system: OperatingSystem
+
+#library of laptops
+laptops = [
+    Laptop(id=1, manufacturer="Dell", model="XPS", screen_size_in_inches=13, operating_system=OperatingSystem.ARCH),
+    Laptop(id=2, manufacturer="Dell", model="XPS", screen_size_in_inches=15, operating_system=OperatingSystem.UBUNTU),
+    Laptop(id=3, manufacturer="Dell", model="XPS", screen_size_in_inches=15, operating_system=OperatingSystem.UBUNTU),
+    Laptop(id=4, manufacturer="Apple", model="macBook", screen_size_in_inches=13, operating_system=OperatingSystem.MACOS),
+]
+
+def find_possible_laptops(laptops: List[Laptop], person: Person) -> List[Laptop]:
+    possible_laptops = []
+    for laptop in laptops:
+        if laptop.operating_system == person.preferred_os:
+            possible_laptops.append(laptop)
+    return possible_laptops   # returns an array of possible laptops for the person
+
+ #accept userinput 
+name = input("Enter your name: ").strip()
+age_str = input("Enter your age: ").strip()  #input always returns a str, we need to convert this to an integer
+os_str = input("Enter your preferred operating system: ").strip()
+# Validate age
+try:
+    age = int(age_str)
+except ValueError:
+    print("Error: Age must be a number.", file= sys.stderr)
+    sys.exit(1)
+
+# Validate OS
+try:
+    preferred_os = OperatingSystem(os_str)
+except ValueError:
+    print("Error: Invalid operating system.", file=sys.stderr)
+    sys.exit(1)
+
+#Create a person after validation 
+person = Person(name = name, age = age, preferred_os =preferred_os)
+#finding laptops for this person 
+possible = find_possible_laptops(laptops, person)
+print(f"The laptop library  has {len(possible)} with {preferred_os.value}.")
+
+# Start with an empty dictionary
+os_counts: dict[OperatingSystem, int] = {}
+
+for laptop in laptops:
+    os = laptop.operating_system
+    # If we've seen this OS before, add 1, otherwise start at 1
+    if os in os_counts:
+        os_counts[os] += 1
+    else:
+        os_counts[os] = 1
+
+best_os = None
+best_count = -1
+
+# Loop through each (key, value) pair
+for pair in os_counts.items():
+    os = pair[0]    # the key (operating system)
+    count = pair[1] # the value (number of laptops)
+
+    # Check if this count is bigger than the best so far
+    if count > best_count:
+        best_os = os
+        best_count = count
+
+print("Best OS:", best_os, "with", best_count, "laptops")
+if best_os != preferred_os:
+    print(f"If you’re willing to accept {best_os.value}, "
+          f"you’re more likely to get a laptop since there are {best_count} available.")

Sprint5/generics.py

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+from dataclasses import dataclass
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class Person:
+    name: str
+    age : int
+    children: list["Person"] #nside the Person class- the Person-type doesnt exist, so we add "" to person,
+
+
+
+Muhib = Person(name="Muhib",age= 7, children=[])
+Muiz = Person(name="Muiz",age= 4,children=[])
+
+Sara = Person(name="Sara",age= 31, children=[Muhib, Muiz])
+
+def print_family_tree(person: Person, indent: int = 0) -> None:
+    print(" " * indent + f"{person.name} ({person.age})") #indent(int)represents how many spaces to put before the person’s name when printing.
+    for child in person.children:
+        print_family_tree(child, indent + 2)
+
+print_family_tree(Sara)

Sprint5/lastexer.py

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+class Parent:
+    """Represents a person with a first and last name."""
+    def __init__(self, first_name: str, last_name: str):
+        self.first_name = first_name
+        self.last_name = last_name
+
+    def get_name(self) -> str:
+        """Return the full name as 'First Last'."""
+        return f"{self.first_name} {self.last_name}"
+
+
+class Child(Parent):   
+    """Represents a person who can change last names, tracking previous ones."""
+    def __init__(self, first_name: str, last_name: str):
+        """Initialize a Child with a first and last name, plus a list of previous last names."""
+        super().__init__(first_name, last_name) 
+        self.previous_last_names: list[str] = []  
+
+    def change_last_name(self, last_name) -> None:
+        """Change the last name and record the previous one."""
+        self.previous_last_names.append(self.last_name)
+        self.last_name = last_name
+
+    def get_full_name(self) -> str:
+        """Return the full name, with suffix showing original last name if changed."""
+        suffix = ""
+        suffix = ""
+        if len(self.previous_last_names) > 0:
+            suffix = f" (née {self.previous_last_names[0]})"
+        return f"{self.first_name} {self.last_name}{suffix}"
+
+person1 = Child("Elizaveta", "Alekseeva")
+print(person1.get_name())
+print(person1.get_full_name())
+person1.change_last_name("Tyurina")
+print(person1.get_name())
+print(person1.get_full_name())
+
+person2 = Parent("Elizaveta", "Alekseeva")
+print(person2.get_name())

Sprint5/methods.py

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+from datetime import date
+class Person:
+    def __init__(self, name: str, birth_day: date):
+        self.name = name
+        self.birth_day = birth_day
+
+    def age(self)-> int:   #returns age in years
+        today = date.today()
+        years = today.year - self.birth_day.year
+        if(today.month, today.day) < (self.birth_day.month, self.birth_day.day):
+            years -= 1
+        return years
+
+    def is_adult(self):
+        return self.age() >= 18
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return f"{self.name}, born {self.birth_day}, age {self.age()}"
+
+p1 = Person("Sara", date(1996, 10, 28))
+print(p1.is_adult())   # True
+
+p2 = Person("Muhib", date(2018, 6, 22))
+print(p2.is_adult())   # False

Sprint5/refactor.py

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+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from typing import List
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class Person:
+    name: str
+    age: int
+    preferred_operating_systems: list[str]
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class Laptop:
+    id: int
+    manufacturer: str
+    model: str
+    screen_size_in_inches: float
+    operating_system: str
+
+
+def find_possible_laptops(laptops: List[Laptop], person: Person) -> List[Laptop]:
+    possible_laptops = []
+    for laptop in laptops:
+        if laptop.operating_system in person.preferred_operating_systems:
+            possible_laptops.append(laptop)
+    return possible_laptops
+
+
+people = [
+    Person(name="Imran", age=22, preferred_operating_systems=["Ubuntu"]),
+    Person(name="Eliza", age=34, preferred_operating_systems=["Arch Linux"]),
+]
+
+laptops = [
+    Laptop(id=1, manufacturer="Dell", model="XPS", screen_size_in_inches=13, operating_system="Arch Linux"),
+    Laptop(id=2, manufacturer="Dell", model="XPS", screen_size_in_inches=15, operating_system="Ubuntu"),
+    Laptop(id=3, manufacturer="Dell", model="XPS", screen_size_in_inches=15, operating_system="ubuntu"),
+    Laptop(id=4, manufacturer="Apple", model="macBook", screen_size_in_inches=13, operating_system="macOS"),
+]
+
+for person in people:
+    possible_laptops = find_possible_laptops(laptops, person)
+    print(f"Possible laptops for {person.name}: {possible_laptops}")

Sprint5/type.py

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+
+from typing import Dict
+def open_account(balances: Dict[str,int], name:str, amount:int)->None: #dic type str and int--- returns none/figured after running --strict flag with mypy
+    #Adding a new account 
+    balances[name] = amount
+
+def sum_balances(accounts:Dict[str,int])-> int: #takes type dic[str, int}returns int
+    total = int = 0
+    for name, pence in accounts.items():
+        print(f"{name} had balance {pence}")
+        total += pence
+    return total
+
+def format_pence_as_string(total_pence: int)-> str: #type int returns type str
+    #formatting pence as a string 
+    sign = "-" if total_pence < 0 else ""
+    total_pence = abs(total_pence)
+
+    if total_pence < 100:
+        return f"{sign}{total_pence}p"
+    pounds =(total_pence // 100)  #floordivision always returns an int
+    pence = total_pence % 100
+    return f"{sign}£{pounds}.{pence:02d}"
+
+balances:Dict[str,int]  = {             #dic type {str:int}
+    "Sima": 700,
+    "Linn": 545,
+    "Georg": 831,
+}
+
+open_account(balances,"Tobi", 913) # correct passing of the argumenst to functions with balances.
+open_account(balances,"Olya", 713)
+
+total_pence = sum_balances(balances)  #returntype int
+total_string = format_pence_as_string(total_pence) #returntype str and wrong function name
+
+print(f"The bank accounts total {total_string}")