diff --git a/c_glib/parquet-glib/arrow-file-reader.cpp b/c_glib/parquet-glib/arrow-file-reader.cpp
index ddbfde1b4c0..7c7d20291a5 100644
--- a/c_glib/parquet-glib/arrow-file-reader.cpp
+++ b/c_glib/parquet-glib/arrow-file-reader.cpp
@@ -212,10 +212,11 @@ GArrowTable *
 gparquet_arrow_file_reader_read_table(GParquetArrowFileReader *reader, GError **error)
 {
   auto parquet_arrow_file_reader = gparquet_arrow_file_reader_get_raw(reader);
-  std::shared_ptr<arrow::Table> arrow_table;
-  auto status = parquet_arrow_file_reader->ReadTable(&arrow_table);
-  if (garrow_error_check(error, status, "[parquet][arrow][file-reader][read-table]")) {
-    return garrow_table_new_raw(&arrow_table);
+  auto arrow_table_result = parquet_arrow_file_reader->ReadTable();
+  if (garrow::check(error,
+                    arrow_table_result,
+                    "[parquet][arrow][file-reader][read-table]")) {
+    return garrow_table_new_raw(&(*arrow_table_result));
   } else {
     return NULL;
   }
diff --git a/cpp/examples/arrow/parquet_read_write.cc b/cpp/examples/arrow/parquet_read_write.cc
index 7db13f360ae..23483d89dcf 100644
--- a/cpp/examples/arrow/parquet_read_write.cc
+++ b/cpp/examples/arrow/parquet_read_write.cc
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ arrow::Status ReadFullFile(std::string path_to_file) {
 
   // Read entire file as a single Arrow table
   std::shared_ptr<arrow::Table> table;
-  ARROW_RETURN_NOT_OK(arrow_reader->ReadTable(&table));
+  ARROW_ASSIGN_OR_RAISE(table, arrow_reader->ReadTable());
   return arrow::Status::OK();
 }
 
diff --git a/cpp/examples/parquet/parquet_arrow/reader_writer.cc b/cpp/examples/parquet/parquet_arrow/reader_writer.cc
index 448c9ecfb88..5afd54094cc 100644
--- a/cpp/examples/parquet/parquet_arrow/reader_writer.cc
+++ b/cpp/examples/parquet/parquet_arrow/reader_writer.cc
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ void read_whole_file() {
   PARQUET_ASSIGN_OR_THROW(reader,
                           parquet::arrow::OpenFile(infile, arrow::default_memory_pool()));
   std::shared_ptr<arrow::Table> table;
-  PARQUET_THROW_NOT_OK(reader->ReadTable(&table));
+  PARQUET_ASSIGN_OR_THROW(table, reader->ReadTable());
   std::cout << "Loaded " << table->num_rows() << " rows in " << table->num_columns()
             << " columns." << std::endl;
 }
diff --git a/cpp/examples/tutorial_examples/file_access_example.cc b/cpp/examples/tutorial_examples/file_access_example.cc
index df57174b311..eb53809571d 100644
--- a/cpp/examples/tutorial_examples/file_access_example.cc
+++ b/cpp/examples/tutorial_examples/file_access_example.cc
@@ -185,9 +185,9 @@ arrow::Status RunMain() {
   // (Doc section: Parquet OpenFile)
 
   // (Doc section: Parquet Read)
-  std::shared_ptr<arrow::Table> parquet_table;
   // Read the table.
-  PARQUET_THROW_NOT_OK(reader->ReadTable(&parquet_table));
+  std::shared_ptr<arrow::Table> parquet_table;
+  PARQUET_ASSIGN_OR_THROW(parquet_table, reader->ReadTable());
   // (Doc section: Parquet Read)
 
   // (Doc section: Parquet Write)
diff --git a/cpp/src/arrow/dataset/file_parquet_encryption_test.cc b/cpp/src/arrow/dataset/file_parquet_encryption_test.cc
index f6de35e3eb4..94a07624b6d 100644
--- a/cpp/src/arrow/dataset/file_parquet_encryption_test.cc
+++ b/cpp/src/arrow/dataset/file_parquet_encryption_test.cc
@@ -397,8 +397,7 @@ TEST_P(DatasetEncryptionTest, ReadSingleFile) {
   parquet::arrow::FileReaderBuilder reader_builder;
   ASSERT_OK(reader_builder.Open(input, reader_properties));
   ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(auto arrow_reader, reader_builder.Build());
-  std::shared_ptr<Table> table;
-  ASSERT_OK(arrow_reader->ReadTable(&table));
+  ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(auto table, arrow_reader->ReadTable());
 
   // Check the contents of the table
   ASSERT_EQ(table->num_rows(), 2);
diff --git a/cpp/src/arrow/filesystem/s3fs_benchmark.cc b/cpp/src/arrow/filesystem/s3fs_benchmark.cc
index 0cdcb037021..5fe47618ab7 100644
--- a/cpp/src/arrow/filesystem/s3fs_benchmark.cc
+++ b/cpp/src/arrow/filesystem/s3fs_benchmark.cc
@@ -315,8 +315,7 @@ static void ParquetRead(benchmark::State& st, S3FileSystem* fs, const std::strin
     ASSERT_OK(builder.properties(properties)->Build(&reader));
 
     if (read_strategy == "ReadTable") {
-      std::shared_ptr<Table> table;
-      ASSERT_OK(reader->ReadTable(column_indices, &table));
+      ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(auto table, reader->ReadTable(column_indices));
     } else {
       ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(auto rb_reader, reader->GetRecordBatchReader(
                                                std::vector<int>{0}, column_indices));
diff --git a/cpp/src/parquet/arrow/arrow_reader_writer_test.cc b/cpp/src/parquet/arrow/arrow_reader_writer_test.cc
index d46f963c748..edb59d9de30 100644
--- a/cpp/src/parquet/arrow/arrow_reader_writer_test.cc
+++ b/cpp/src/parquet/arrow/arrow_reader_writer_test.cc
@@ -439,7 +439,7 @@ void DoRoundtrip(const std::shared_ptr<Table>& table, int64_t row_group_size,
   FileReaderBuilder builder;
   ASSERT_OK_NO_THROW(builder.Open(std::make_shared<BufferReader>(buffer)));
   ASSERT_OK(builder.properties(arrow_reader_properties)->Build(&reader));
-  ASSERT_OK_NO_THROW(reader->ReadTable(out));
+  ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(*out, reader->ReadTable());
 }
 
 void CheckConfiguredRoundtrip(
@@ -486,10 +486,10 @@ void DoSimpleRoundtrip(const std::shared_ptr<Table>& table, bool use_threads,
 
   reader->set_use_threads(use_threads);
   if (column_subset.size() > 0) {
-    ASSERT_OK_NO_THROW(reader->ReadTable(column_subset, out));
+    ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(*out, reader->ReadTable(column_subset));
   } else {
     // Read everything
-    ASSERT_OK_NO_THROW(reader->ReadTable(out));
+    ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(*out, reader->ReadTable());
   }
 }
 
@@ -709,7 +709,7 @@ class ParquetIOTestBase : public ::testing::Test {
 
   void ReadTableFromFile(std::unique_ptr<FileReader> reader, bool expect_metadata,
                          std::shared_ptr<Table>* out) {
-    ASSERT_OK_NO_THROW(reader->ReadTable(out));
+    ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(*out, reader->ReadTable());
     auto key_value_metadata =
         reader->parquet_reader()->metadata()->key_value_metadata().get();
     if (!expect_metadata) {
@@ -2801,8 +2801,7 @@ TEST(TestArrowReadWrite, ReadCoalescedColumnSubset) {
       {0, 4, 8, 10}, {0, 1, 2, 3}, {5, 17, 18, 19}};
 
   for (std::vector<int>& column_subset : column_subsets) {
-    std::shared_ptr<Table> result;
-    ASSERT_OK(reader->ReadTable(column_subset, &result));
+    ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(auto result, reader->ReadTable(column_subset));
 
     std::vector<std::shared_ptr<::arrow::ChunkedArray>> ex_columns;
     std::vector<std::shared_ptr<::arrow::Field>> ex_fields;
@@ -2839,8 +2838,7 @@ TEST(TestArrowReadWrite, ListLargeRecords) {
                                              ::arrow::default_memory_pool()));
 
   // Read everything
-  std::shared_ptr<Table> result;
-  ASSERT_OK_NO_THROW(reader->ReadTable(&result));
+  ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(auto result, reader->ReadTable());
   ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(::arrow::AssertTablesEqual(*table, *result));
 
   // Read 1 record at a time
@@ -3579,8 +3577,7 @@ void DoNestedValidate(const std::shared_ptr<::arrow::DataType>& inner_type,
   ASSERT_OK(reader_builder.Build(&reader));
   ARROW_SCOPED_TRACE("Parquet schema: ",
                      reader->parquet_reader()->metadata()->schema()->ToString());
-  std::shared_ptr<Table> result;
-  ASSERT_OK_NO_THROW(reader->ReadTable(&result));
+  ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(auto result, reader->ReadTable());
 
   if (inner_type->id() == ::arrow::Type::DATE64 ||
       inner_type->id() == ::arrow::Type::TIMESTAMP ||
@@ -4036,8 +4033,7 @@ class TestNestedSchemaRead : public ::testing::TestWithParam<Repetition::type> {
 TEST_F(TestNestedSchemaRead, ReadIntoTableFull) {
   ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(CreateSimpleNestedParquet(Repetition::OPTIONAL));
 
-  std::shared_ptr<Table> table;
-  ASSERT_OK_NO_THROW(reader_->ReadTable(&table));
+  ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(auto table, reader_->ReadTable());
   ASSERT_EQ(table->num_rows(), NUM_SIMPLE_TEST_ROWS);
   ASSERT_EQ(table->num_columns(), 2);
   ASSERT_EQ(table->schema()->field(0)->type()->num_fields(), 2);
@@ -4080,7 +4076,7 @@ TEST_F(TestNestedSchemaRead, ReadTablePartial) {
   std::shared_ptr<Table> table;
 
   // columns: {group1.leaf1, leaf3}
-  ASSERT_OK_NO_THROW(reader_->ReadTable({0, 2}, &table));
+  ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(table, reader_->ReadTable({0, 2}));
   ASSERT_EQ(table->num_rows(), NUM_SIMPLE_TEST_ROWS);
   ASSERT_EQ(table->num_columns(), 2);
   ASSERT_EQ(table->schema()->field(0)->name(), "group1");
@@ -4098,7 +4094,7 @@ TEST_F(TestNestedSchemaRead, ReadTablePartial) {
   ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(ValidateTableArrayTypes(*table));
 
   // columns: {group1.leaf1, group1.leaf2}
-  ASSERT_OK_NO_THROW(reader_->ReadTable({0, 1}, &table));
+  ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(table, reader_->ReadTable({0, 1}));
   ASSERT_EQ(table->num_rows(), NUM_SIMPLE_TEST_ROWS);
   ASSERT_EQ(table->num_columns(), 1);
   ASSERT_EQ(table->schema()->field(0)->name(), "group1");
@@ -4106,7 +4102,7 @@ TEST_F(TestNestedSchemaRead, ReadTablePartial) {
   ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(ValidateTableArrayTypes(*table));
 
   // columns: {leaf3}
-  ASSERT_OK_NO_THROW(reader_->ReadTable({2}, &table));
+  ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(table, reader_->ReadTable({2}));
   ASSERT_EQ(table->num_rows(), NUM_SIMPLE_TEST_ROWS);
   ASSERT_EQ(table->num_columns(), 1);
   ASSERT_EQ(table->schema()->field(0)->name(), "leaf3");
@@ -4114,7 +4110,7 @@ TEST_F(TestNestedSchemaRead, ReadTablePartial) {
   ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(ValidateTableArrayTypes(*table));
 
   // Test with different ordering
-  ASSERT_OK_NO_THROW(reader_->ReadTable({2, 0}, &table));
+  ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(table, reader_->ReadTable({2, 0}));
   ASSERT_EQ(table->num_rows(), NUM_SIMPLE_TEST_ROWS);
   ASSERT_EQ(table->num_columns(), 2);
   ASSERT_EQ(table->schema()->field(0)->name(), "leaf3");
@@ -4135,8 +4131,7 @@ TEST_P(TestNestedSchemaRead, DeepNestedSchemaRead) {
   int num_rows = SMALL_SIZE * (depth + 2);
   ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(CreateMultiLevelNestedParquet(num_trees, depth, num_children,
                                                         num_rows, GetParam()));
-  std::shared_ptr<Table> table;
-  ASSERT_OK_NO_THROW(reader_->ReadTable(&table));
+  ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(auto table, reader_->ReadTable());
   ASSERT_EQ(table->num_columns(), num_trees);
   ASSERT_EQ(table->num_rows(), num_rows);
 
@@ -4184,8 +4179,8 @@ void TryReadDataFile(const std::string& path,
   Status s;
   auto reader_result = FileReader::Make(pool, ParquetFileReader::OpenFile(path, false));
   if (reader_result.ok()) {
-    std::shared_ptr<::arrow::Table> table;
-    s = (*reader_result)->ReadTable(&table);
+    auto table_result = (*reader_result)->ReadTable();
+    s = table_result.status();
   } else {
     s = reader_result.status();
   }
@@ -4261,7 +4256,7 @@ TEST(TestArrowReaderAdHoc, LARGE_MEMORY_TEST(LargeStringColumn)) {
   auto reader = ParquetFileReader::Open(std::make_shared<BufferReader>(tables_buffer));
   ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(auto arrow_reader,
                        FileReader::Make(default_memory_pool(), std::move(reader)));
-  ASSERT_OK_NO_THROW(arrow_reader->ReadTable(&table));
+  ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(table, arrow_reader->ReadTable());
   ASSERT_OK(table->ValidateFull());
 
   // ARROW-9297: ensure RecordBatchReader also works
@@ -4365,8 +4360,7 @@ TEST(TestArrowReaderAdHoc, LegacyTwoLevelList) {
     // Verify Arrow schema and data
     ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(auto reader,
                          FileReader::Make(default_memory_pool(), std::move(file_reader)));
-    std::shared_ptr<Table> table;
-    ASSERT_OK(reader->ReadTable(&table));
+    ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(auto table, reader->ReadTable());
     ASSERT_OK(table->ValidateFull());
     AssertTablesEqual(*expected_table, *table);
   };
@@ -4429,8 +4423,7 @@ TEST_P(TestArrowReaderAdHocSparkAndHvr, ReadDecimals) {
 
   ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(auto arrow_reader,
                        FileReader::Make(pool, ParquetFileReader::OpenFile(path, false)));
-  std::shared_ptr<::arrow::Table> table;
-  ASSERT_OK_NO_THROW(arrow_reader->ReadTable(&table));
+  ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(auto table, arrow_reader->ReadTable());
 
   std::shared_ptr<::arrow::Schema> schema;
   ASSERT_OK_NO_THROW(arrow_reader->GetSchema(&schema));
@@ -4495,8 +4488,7 @@ TEST(TestArrowReaderAdHoc, ReadFloat16Files) {
 
     ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(
         auto reader, FileReader::Make(pool, ParquetFileReader::OpenFile(path, false)));
-    std::shared_ptr<::arrow::Table> table;
-    ASSERT_OK_NO_THROW(reader->ReadTable(&table));
+    ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(auto table, reader->ReadTable());
 
     std::shared_ptr<::arrow::Schema> schema;
     ASSERT_OK_NO_THROW(reader->GetSchema(&schema));
@@ -4907,8 +4899,7 @@ class TestArrowReadDictionary : public ::testing::TestWithParam<double> {
   void CheckReadWholeFile(const Table& expected) {
     ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(auto reader, GetReader());
 
-    std::shared_ptr<Table> actual;
-    ASSERT_OK_NO_THROW(reader->ReadTable(&actual));
+    ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(auto actual, reader->ReadTable());
     ::arrow::AssertTablesEqual(expected, *actual, /*same_chunk_layout=*/false);
   }
 
@@ -5005,8 +4996,7 @@ TEST_P(TestArrowReadDictionary, IncrementalReads) {
 
   // Read in one shot
   ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(std::unique_ptr<FileReader> reader, GetReader());
-  std::shared_ptr<Table> expected;
-  ASSERT_OK_NO_THROW(reader->ReadTable(&expected));
+  ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(auto expected, reader->ReadTable());
 
   ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(reader, GetReader());
   std::unique_ptr<ColumnReader> col;
@@ -5138,7 +5128,7 @@ class TestArrowReadDeltaEncoding : public ::testing::Test {
     ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(
         auto parquet_reader,
         FileReader::Make(pool, ParquetFileReader::OpenFile(file, false)));
-    ASSERT_OK(parquet_reader->ReadTable(out));
+    ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(*out, parquet_reader->ReadTable());
     ASSERT_OK((*out)->ValidateFull());
   }
 
@@ -5340,8 +5330,7 @@ TEST_P(TestNestedSchemaFilteredReader, ReadWrite) {
   FileReaderBuilder builder;
   ASSERT_OK_NO_THROW(builder.Open(std::make_shared<BufferReader>(buffer)));
   ASSERT_OK(builder.properties(default_arrow_reader_properties())->Build(&reader));
-  std::shared_ptr<::arrow::Table> read_table;
-  ASSERT_OK_NO_THROW(reader->ReadTable(GetParam().indices_to_read, &read_table));
+  ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(auto read_table, reader->ReadTable(GetParam().indices_to_read));
 
   std::shared_ptr<::arrow::Array> expected =
       ArrayFromJSON(GetParam().expected_schema, GetParam().read_data);
@@ -5817,10 +5806,9 @@ TEST(TestArrowReadWrite, MultithreadedWrite) {
   ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(auto buffer, sink->Finish());
 
   // Read to verify the data.
-  std::shared_ptr<Table> result;
   ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(auto reader,
                        OpenFile(std::make_shared<BufferReader>(buffer), pool));
-  ASSERT_OK_NO_THROW(reader->ReadTable(&result));
+  ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(auto result, reader->ReadTable());
   ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(::arrow::AssertTablesEqual(*table, *result));
 }
 
diff --git a/cpp/src/parquet/arrow/reader.cc b/cpp/src/parquet/arrow/reader.cc
index 6b700870772..434430a875e 100644
--- a/cpp/src/parquet/arrow/reader.cc
+++ b/cpp/src/parquet/arrow/reader.cc
@@ -202,9 +202,12 @@ class FileReaderImpl : public FileReader {
 
   std::shared_ptr<RowGroupReader> RowGroup(int row_group_index) override;
 
-  Status ReadTable(const std::vector<int>& indices,
-                   std::shared_ptr<Table>* out) override {
-    return ReadRowGroups(Iota(reader_->metadata()->num_row_groups()), indices, out);
+  Result<std::shared_ptr<Table>> ReadTable(
+      const std::vector<int>& column_indices) override {
+    std::shared_ptr<Table> table;
+    RETURN_NOT_OK(ReadRowGroups(Iota(reader_->metadata()->num_row_groups()),
+                                column_indices, &table));
+    return table;
   }
 
   Status GetFieldReader(int i,
@@ -305,8 +308,8 @@ class FileReaderImpl : public FileReader {
     return ReadColumn(i, Iota(reader_->metadata()->num_row_groups()), out);
   }
 
-  Status ReadTable(std::shared_ptr<Table>* table) override {
-    return ReadTable(Iota(reader_->metadata()->num_columns()), table);
+  Result<std::shared_ptr<Table>> ReadTable() override {
+    return ReadTable(Iota(reader_->metadata()->num_columns()));
   }
 
   Status ReadRowGroups(const std::vector<int>& row_groups,
@@ -1339,6 +1342,17 @@ Status FileReader::GetRecordBatchReader(const std::vector<int>& row_group_indice
   return Status::OK();
 }
 
+Status FileReader::ReadTable(std::shared_ptr<Table>* out) {
+  ARROW_ASSIGN_OR_RAISE(*out, ReadTable());
+  return Status::OK();
+}
+
+Status FileReader::ReadTable(const std::vector<int>& column_indices,
+                             std::shared_ptr<Table>* out) {
+  ARROW_ASSIGN_OR_RAISE(*out, ReadTable(column_indices));
+  return Status::OK();
+}
+
 Status FileReader::Make(::arrow::MemoryPool* pool,
                         std::unique_ptr<ParquetFileReader> reader,
                         const ArrowReaderProperties& properties,
diff --git a/cpp/src/parquet/arrow/reader.h b/cpp/src/parquet/arrow/reader.h
index 54620b3d0f5..d0665ea3106 100644
--- a/cpp/src/parquet/arrow/reader.h
+++ b/cpp/src/parquet/arrow/reader.h
@@ -235,7 +235,11 @@ class PARQUET_EXPORT FileReader {
                           int64_t rows_to_readahead = 0) = 0;
 
   /// Read all columns into a Table
-  virtual ::arrow::Status ReadTable(std::shared_ptr<::arrow::Table>* out) = 0;
+  virtual ::arrow::Result<std::shared_ptr<::arrow::Table>> ReadTable() = 0;
+
+  /// \deprecated Deprecated in 24.0.0. Use arrow::Result version instead.
+  ARROW_DEPRECATED("Deprecated in 24.0.0. Use arrow::Result version instead.")
+  ::arrow::Status ReadTable(std::shared_ptr<::arrow::Table>* out);
 
   /// \brief Read the given columns into a Table
   ///
@@ -254,8 +258,13 @@ class PARQUET_EXPORT FileReader {
   /// manifest().schema_fields to get the top level fields, and then walk the
   /// tree to identify the relevant leaf fields and access its column_index.
   /// To get the total number of leaf fields, use FileMetadata.num_columns().
-  virtual ::arrow::Status ReadTable(const std::vector<int>& column_indices,
-                                    std::shared_ptr<::arrow::Table>* out) = 0;
+  virtual ::arrow::Result<std::shared_ptr<::arrow::Table>> ReadTable(
+      const std::vector<int>& column_indices) = 0;
+
+  /// \deprecated Deprecated in 24.0.0. Use arrow::Result version instead.
+  ARROW_DEPRECATED("Deprecated in 24.0.0. Use arrow::Result version instead.")
+  ::arrow::Status ReadTable(const std::vector<int>& column_indices,
+                            std::shared_ptr<::arrow::Table>* out);
 
   virtual ::arrow::Status ReadRowGroup(int i, const std::vector<int>& column_indices,
                                        std::shared_ptr<::arrow::Table>* out) = 0;
diff --git a/cpp/src/parquet/arrow/reader_writer_benchmark.cc b/cpp/src/parquet/arrow/reader_writer_benchmark.cc
index cfb458ddb38..7523a781d89 100644
--- a/cpp/src/parquet/arrow/reader_writer_benchmark.cc
+++ b/cpp/src/parquet/arrow/reader_writer_benchmark.cc
@@ -301,8 +301,8 @@ static void BenchmarkReadTable(::benchmark::State& state, const Table& table,
     EXIT_NOT_OK(arrow_reader_result.status());
     auto arrow_reader = std::move(*arrow_reader_result);
 
-    std::shared_ptr<Table> table;
-    EXIT_NOT_OK(arrow_reader->ReadTable(&table));
+    auto table_result = arrow_reader->ReadTable();
+    EXIT_NOT_OK(table_result.status());
   }
 
   if (num_values == -1) {
diff --git a/cpp/src/parquet/chunker_internal_test.cc b/cpp/src/parquet/chunker_internal_test.cc
index 1b028cb1d69..2469d54afbf 100644
--- a/cpp/src/parquet/chunker_internal_test.cc
+++ b/cpp/src/parquet/chunker_internal_test.cc
@@ -319,7 +319,6 @@ Result<std::shared_ptr<Table>> ConcatAndCombine(
 }
 
 Result<std::shared_ptr<Table>> ReadTableFromBuffer(const std::shared_ptr<Buffer>& data) {
-  std::shared_ptr<Table> result;
   FileReaderBuilder builder;
   std::unique_ptr<FileReader> reader;
   auto props = default_arrow_reader_properties();
@@ -329,7 +328,7 @@ Result<std::shared_ptr<Table>> ReadTableFromBuffer(const std::shared_ptr<Buffer>
   RETURN_NOT_OK(builder.memory_pool(::arrow::default_memory_pool())
                     ->properties(props)
                     ->Build(&reader));
-  RETURN_NOT_OK(reader->ReadTable(&result));
+  ARROW_ASSIGN_OR_RAISE(auto result, reader->ReadTable());
   return result;
 }
 
diff --git a/python/pyarrow/_parquet.pyx b/python/pyarrow/_parquet.pyx
index 66e02940103..c1c20026db0 100644
--- a/python/pyarrow/_parquet.pyx
+++ b/python/pyarrow/_parquet.pyx
@@ -1847,7 +1847,7 @@ cdef class ParquetReader(_Weakrefable):
         table : pyarrow.Table
         """
         cdef:
-            shared_ptr[CTable] ctable
+            CResult[shared_ptr[CTable]] table_result
             vector[int] c_column_indices
 
         self.set_use_threads(use_threads)
@@ -1857,14 +1857,12 @@ cdef class ParquetReader(_Weakrefable):
                 c_column_indices.push_back(index)
 
             with nogil:
-                check_status(self.reader.get()
-                             .ReadTable(c_column_indices, &ctable))
+                table_result = self.reader.get().ReadTable(c_column_indices)
         else:
             # Read all columns
             with nogil:
-                check_status(self.reader.get()
-                             .ReadTable(&ctable))
-        return pyarrow_wrap_table(ctable)
+                table_result = self.reader.get().ReadTable()
+        return pyarrow_wrap_table(GetResultValue(table_result))
 
     def scan_contents(self, column_indices=None, batch_size=65536):
         """
diff --git a/python/pyarrow/includes/libparquet.pxd b/python/pyarrow/includes/libparquet.pxd
index 81901a00acd..c19977396fb 100644
--- a/python/pyarrow/includes/libparquet.pxd
+++ b/python/pyarrow/includes/libparquet.pxd
@@ -548,9 +548,8 @@ cdef extern from "parquet/arrow/reader.h" namespace "parquet::arrow" nogil:
                                                                      const vector[int]& column_indices)
         CResult[unique_ptr[CRecordBatchReader]] GetRecordBatchReader(const vector[int]& row_group_indices)
 
-        CStatus ReadTable(shared_ptr[CTable]* out)
-        CStatus ReadTable(const vector[int]& column_indices,
-                          shared_ptr[CTable]* out)
+        CResult[shared_ptr[CTable]] ReadTable()
+        CResult[shared_ptr[CTable]] ReadTable(const vector[int]& column_indices)
 
         CStatus ScanContents(vector[int] columns, int32_t column_batch_size,
                              int64_t* num_rows)
diff --git a/r/src/parquet.cpp b/r/src/parquet.cpp
index c32d0640592..3633c51d45d 100644
--- a/r/src/parquet.cpp
+++ b/r/src/parquet.cpp
@@ -130,24 +130,18 @@ std::shared_ptr<parquet::arrow::FileReader> parquet___arrow___FileReader__OpenFi
 // [[parquet::export]]
 std::shared_ptr<arrow::Table> parquet___arrow___FileReader__ReadTable1(
     const std::shared_ptr<parquet::arrow::FileReader>& reader) {
-  std::shared_ptr<arrow::Table> table;
-  auto result =
-      RunWithCapturedRIfPossibleVoid([&]() { return reader->ReadTable(&table); });
-
-  StopIfNotOk(result);
-  return table;
+  auto result = RunWithCapturedRIfPossible<std::shared_ptr<arrow::Table>>(
+      [&]() { return reader->ReadTable(); });
+  return ValueOrStop(result);
 }
 
 // [[parquet::export]]
 std::shared_ptr<arrow::Table> parquet___arrow___FileReader__ReadTable2(
     const std::shared_ptr<parquet::arrow::FileReader>& reader,
     const std::vector<int>& column_indices) {
-  std::shared_ptr<arrow::Table> table;
-  auto result = RunWithCapturedRIfPossibleVoid(
-      [&]() { return reader->ReadTable(column_indices, &table); });
-
-  StopIfNotOk(result);
-  return table;
+  auto result = RunWithCapturedRIfPossible<std::shared_ptr<arrow::Table>>(
+      [&]() { return reader->ReadTable(column_indices); });
+  return ValueOrStop(result);
 }
 
 // [[parquet::export]]